消化學-- 食道疾病
 
 
     Diseases of the Esohagus
Congenital anomaly        Esophageal atresia ( with or without trache-esophageal fistula ),
                                        Esophageal webs, congenital stenosis, shortness of esophagus (
                                        lack of adequate sphincter mechanism ) vs heterotopia and ectopia,
                                        Displacement ( by enlarged heart, by aortic aneurysm ), Dysphagia
                                        Lusoria, double aortic arch, anomalous right subclavian artery etc.
Plumimer-Vison syndrome

Diverticula                   Pharyngo-esophageal diverticulum, epibronchial diverticulum,
                                        epiphrenic diverticulum

Inferior esophageal ring formation

Cardiospasm                   Also named Achalasia or  congenital Mega-esophagus ( a motoric
                                        disturbance of the distal part of esophagus )

Benign diseases

          1. Acute and/or chronic esophagitis : corrosive esophagitis, drug coating                                                       esophagitis, over-heat swallowing etc
          2. Peptic Esophagitis
          3. Marginal Ulcer with Hiatal Hernia
          4. Peptic Ulcer in Gastric-Lined Esophagus
          5. Foreign Body
          6. Stricture
          7. Rupture of Esophagus
          8. Varicosis
          9. Benign tumor   :  mucosal tumor: lipoma, fibrolipoma and fibromyxoma
                                                                      mural tumor: leiomyoma

Malignant tumor
 

          1. Malignant Tumor - Upper Part
          2. Malignant Tumor - Midportion
          3. Malignant Tumor - Lower End
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